Which of the following is a common side effect of long-term NSAID use?

Long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is commonly associated with gastrointestinal complications, with gastrointestinal bleeding being a significant risk. NSAIDs can irritate the gastrointestinal lining, leading to ulcer formation and bleeding. This occurs because these medications inhibit the production of prostaglandins, which are essential for maintaining the protective mucosal barrier in the stomach and intestines. As a result, the risk of erosions, ulcers, and ultimately, gastrointestinal bleeding increases in individuals who use NSAIDs over an extended period.

Weight gain is not a known primary side effect of NSAIDs, and while some liver toxicity can occur with certain medications, it is not a typical outcome of long-term NSAID use compared to gastrointestinal complications. Likewise, vision changes are not common side effects associated with NSAIDs. Hence, gastrointestinal bleeding is the most relevant and serious concern linked to prolonged NSAID therapy.