Which type of medication is commonly prescribed for anxiety disorders?

The choice of benzodiazepines as the commonly prescribed medication for anxiety disorders is based on their mechanism of action and effectiveness in quickly alleviating anxiety symptoms. Benzodiazepines work by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, which results in a calming effect on the nervous system. This makes them particularly effective for short-term relief of severe anxiety or panic attacks.

While other medication types can also help with anxiety, their roles differ. Antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), are often used as a first-line treatment for chronic anxiety disorders due to their longer-term efficacy. Beta-blockers may be used to manage physical symptoms associated with anxiety, such as rapid heartbeat, but they do not directly address the emotional components. Stimulants typically are used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and are not indicated for anxiety treatment.

Therefore, benzodiazepines are the most recognized for providing rapid relief from anxiety symptoms, making them the common choice for treating anxiety disorders.